Understanding before labelling
For me, an assessment is not just about checking whether a person meets or does not meet the criteria for a diagnosis. The question is which explanation best fits the whole of their history and experience.
That is why an assessment can integrate clinical interviews, developmental history, information from family members or other significant people, standardised tests, questionnaires and clinical observation. I am interested in assessing not only what supports a hypothesis, but also what does not fit it, what compensatory strategies the person has developed and what other explanations might be influencing the picture.
In teenagers and adults, this can be especially important when there have been years of adaptation, masking or good academic or professional performance. In children and teenagers, an assessment can help better understand difficulties related to attention, learning, reading and writing, memory, executive functioning, social development or emotional regulation. Identifying what is difficult is not enough. Understanding why also matters.
The feedback session is an essential part of the process. The goal is not to hand over a collection of scores, but to offer a clear explanation of what was found and guidance on what can help from that point on.
A comprehensive assessment, not just a test
- Initial interview with the person and, when relevant, their family
- Developmental, educational, clinical and current-context history
- Tests and questionnaires selected according to the clinical question
- Clinical observation and integration of information from different sources
- Clinical formulation and consideration of alternative hypotheses
- Feedback, practical recommendations and guidance on next steps
Standardised tests that may be used, depending on the age and the referral question, include:
WISC-V
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fifth Edition
Individual assessment of cognitive abilities in children and adolescents. Examines aspects of intellectual functioning including verbal comprehension, visuospatial abilities, fluid reasoning, working memory, and processing speed.
WAIS-IV
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Fourth Edition
Individual assessment of cognitive abilities in adolescents and adults. Examines aspects of intellectual functioning including verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and processing speed.
NEPSY
Developmental neuropsychological assessment battery examining cognitive domains such as attention and executive functioning, language, memory and learning, visuospatial processing, and sensorimotor abilities, depending on age and the subtests administered.
WIAT-III
Wechsler Individual Achievement Test, Third Edition
Individual assessment of academic achievement, examining skills related to reading, written expression, mathematics, and other academic areas, depending on the subtests administered.
ADOS-2
Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition
A standardised, semi-structured direct-observation assessment used as part of a comprehensive evaluation for autism spectrum disorder. It examines communication, social interaction, play or imaginative use of materials, and certain restricted or repetitive behaviours.
From first contact to feedback
- First interview
A first meeting to understand what needs to be explored and decide how to approach the assessment.
- Information gathering
Questionnaires, developmental history, interviews with family members or other relevant people, and review of documentation when necessary.
- Clinical assessment and testing
Interviews and tests are selected according to the clinical question and the hypotheses that need to be explored.
- Integration and formulation
Information from the different sources is brought together to assess which hypotheses fit best, which data do not support them and whether alternative explanations exist.
- Feedback and next steps
A session to explain the results, answer questions and provide guidance on what may help from that point on.
- Report
When included in the assessment, a written report is provided with the results, formulation and recommendations.
People, families and teams that need answers
- Children and teenagers
- Adults (autism, ADHD…)
- Families seeking a second opinion
- Educational centres
- Professionals requesting a complementary assessment
Common questions about assessments
How long does the assessment process take?
Can the report be used for school or administrative procedures?
Do you work with adults too?
What if the diagnosis is not clear?
Are other professionals involved in the assessment process?
What if I don't need an official report? Are there alternatives?
Not sure whether you need an assessment?
Tell me what is happening and I will help you decide on the next step. The initial assessment interview costs €90.